سیر دگرگونی فضای بسته، فضای سرپوشیده و فضای باز در خانههای تاریخی گرگان از دوره قاجاریه به پهلوی اول

Architecture and urbanism of Iran and consequently, the house architecture in the Qajar and the first Pahlavi periods has changed greatly. Gorgan city's architecture, like other places in Iran, has received different developments which has made structure of historic houses of the Qajar and the first Pahlavi different from each other. These developments at the physical field have led to changes in three fields of houses: indoors, semi-open spaces (balcony), and outdoors (yard). These changes have their roots in different factors like alteration in habitation style, conversion of multi-family living into single-family one, novel building materials, westernization, conversion of traditional introverted housing into foreign extroverted one, or generally speaking change in life style. This research tries to study process of changes in indoor and outdoor spaces of Gorgan's native houses from the Qajar to the first Pahlavi period. Thus using descriptive-analytic research method, test of the means at spss software was used to prove that changes of the means of spatial dimensions of data is significant with an error of 0.05 (Pvalue<0.05).Then determining the process of prediction, relation between changes of spatial dimensions of indoors and outdoors is specified and the results is shown in diagrams. For this purpose all worthy and historic houses of Gorgan city which were suitable physically for field survey were chosen as a sample. So 10 houses related to the Qajar and 8 houses related to the first Pahlavi have been chosen and their indoor and outdoor spatial dimensions were measured. The results of study not only prove that process of changes in spatial dimensions of indoor and outdoor spaces of houses over two periods&nbsp; is significant but also introduces A=0/25B1+2B2+0/5B3&nbsp; as a change function of spatial dimensions over two periods. In this function B1 represents semi-open space, B2 represents outdoor space, and B3 represents indoor space. This research also tries to say that overall process of changes in spatial dimensions more than any other factor is a function of social changes and change of life style.&nbsp;